pg_ctl: команда не найдена, в каком пакете есть эта команда?

Я установил pgadmin с помощью программного центра Ubuntu и пытаюсь получить доступ к локальной базе данных (недавно загруженной из Интернета). Я попытался запустить команду pg_ctl (работает как postgres), однако это дает команду не найдена ошибка. Я также выполнил следующие команды:

echo $PATH: /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/games:/usr/games 

так что это немного странное место, но все же. whereis pg_ctl: pg_ctl: /usr/share/man/man1/pg_ctl.1.gz type pg_ctl: -su:так что это где-то в моей системе, type: pg_ctl: not found которая выглядит неправильно

apt-cache policy postgres-xcдает мне No such file or directoryошибку, вывод

sudo apt-get install postgres-xc является

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package postgres-xc

Обновление sudo apt-get -q дает мне:

Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security Release.gpg [198 B]
Get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security Release [49.6 kB]
Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main Sources [93.6 kB]
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise Release.gpg
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates Release.gpg
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports Release.gpg
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise Release
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates Release
Get:4 http://extras.ubuntu.com precise Release.gpg [72 B]
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports Release
Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com precise Release
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/main Sources
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted Sources
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe Sources
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse Sources
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/main amd64 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted amd64 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe amd64 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse amd64 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/main i386 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted i386 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe i386 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse i386 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/main TranslationIndex
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse TranslationIndex
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted TranslationIndex
Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main Sources
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe TranslationIndex
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main Sources
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted Sources
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe Sources
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse Sources
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main amd64 Packages
Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main amd64 Packages
Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main i386 Packages
Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main TranslationIndex
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted amd64 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe amd64 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main i386 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted i386 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe i386 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse i386 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main TranslationIndex
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse TranslationIndex
Get:5 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted Sources [2,494 B]
Get:6 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe Sources [29.9 kB]
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted TranslationIndex
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe TranslationIndex
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/main Sources
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/restricted Sources
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/universe Sources
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/multiverse Sources
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/main amd64 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/restricted amd64 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/universe amd64 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/multiverse amd64 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/main i386 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/restricted i386 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/universe i386 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/multiverse i386 Packages
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/main TranslationIndex
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/multiverse TranslationIndex
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/restricted TranslationIndex
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/universe TranslationIndex
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/main Translation-en
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse Translation-en
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted Translation-en
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe Translation-en
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main Translation-en
Get:7 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse Sources [1,797 B]
Get:8 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main amd64 Packages [347 kB]
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse Translation-en
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted Translation-en
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe Translation-en
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/main Translation-en
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/multiverse Translation-en
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/restricted Translation-en
Hit http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/universe Translation-en
Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main Translation-en
Get:9 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted amd64 Packages [4,627 B]
Get:10 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe amd64 Packages [85.4 kB]
Get:11 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [2,439 B]
Get:12 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main i386 Packages [366 kB]
Get:13 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted i386 Packages [4,620 B]
Get:14 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe i386 Packages [89.5 kB]
Get:15 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse i386 Packages [2,635 B]
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main TranslationIndex
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse TranslationIndex
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted TranslationIndex
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe TranslationIndex
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main Translation-en
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse Translation-en
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted Translation-en
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe Translation-en
Fetched 1,081 kB in 0s (1,561 kB/s)

cat /etc/apt/sources.list дает мне:

#deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20130820.1)]/ dists/precise/main/binary-i386/

#deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20130820.1)]/ dists/precise/restricted/binary-i386/
#deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20130820.1)]/ precise main restricted

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted
deb-src http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb-src http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb-src http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb-src http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu 
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to 
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in 
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb-src http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb-src http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://nl.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner

## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by third-party
## developers who want to ship their latest software.
deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main
deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main

Вы должны отредактировать свой путь:

$ cd ~
$ vim .profile
PATH=$PATH:/usr/lib/postgresql/{version}/bin
export PATH
$ . ~/.profile

Замените {version}на правильный номер версии.

И теперь вы можете выполнить команду из оболочки:

pg_ctl --help
pg_ctl is a utility to initialize, start, stop, or control a PostgreSQL server.

Вы не должны работать pg_ctlнепосредственно под Ubuntu / Debian. Используйте pg_ctlclusterвместо этого, который установлен postgresql-common. Смотрите его справочную страницу для документации.

используйте этот код:

sudo pg_ctlcluster 'cluster_version' 'cluster-name' 'action'

где:

/etc/postgresql/**cluster-version**/**cluster-name**/start.conf

где действие:

start|stop|restart|reload|status|promote

пример моего кода:

/etc/postgresql/9.5/main/pg_hba.conf

sudo pg_ctlcluster 9.5 main reload