Теорема о бесконечной обезьяне гласит, что, учитывая бесконечное время, машина, отправляющая бесконечный поток случайных символов, всегда будет печатать любой заданный текст.

Это звучит для меня как отличная идея для испытания.

Процесс

Для обезьяньей строки A необходимо выполнить следующие шаги:

1. Возьми пустую строку. Мы назовем эту строку B.
2. Выберите равномерно произвольный печатный символ ASCII (символы в диапазоне 0x20до 0x7E) и добавьте этот символ в B.
3. Если A является подстрокой B, B является нашей обезьяньей строкой. В противном случае повторите шаг 2, пока A не станет подстрокой B.

Этот процесс является лишь примером, более простые методы могут существовать в зависимости от вашего языка. Вам не нужно точно следовать этому методу, если достигается такое же распределение выходов.

Соревнование

Напишите программу или функцию, которая, учитывая непустую строку в любом приемлемом формате , возвращает обезьянью версию этой строки.

Ваша программа должна практически работать только для входов длиной 3 или меньше. Для более длинных входов допускается досрочное завершение с или без вывода чего-либо.

пример

К сожалению, довольно сложно создавать примеры для этого вопроса из-за его случайного характера и больших результатов.

Тем не менее, я могу предоставить один пример для ввода hi, на Hastebin.

счет

Поскольку это код-гольф , выигрывает представление с наименьшим количеством байтов.

C 192 байта

i;g(s,b,i,n,j)char*s,*b;{for(b[i+1]=0;b[n+j];++n)s[n]-b[n+j]&&(n=-1,++j);return n;}f(char*s){char*b=calloc(strlen(s),1);for(i=0;s[i];)i=(b[i]=putchar(rand()%95+32))-s[i]?i?g(s,b,i,0,0):0:i+1;}

Попробуйте онлайн!

Сейчас это беспорядок, но, по крайней мере, он работает даже для угловых случаев ...

C  63   62  61 байт

Спасибо @Jonathan Frech за сохранение байта!

i;f(char*s){for(i=0;s[i=putchar(rand()%95+32)-s[i]?0:i+1];);}

Попробуйте онлайн!

Python, 79 bytes

f=lambda x,s='':x in s and s or f(x,s+chr(randint(32,126)))
from random import*

Try it online!

This is theoretically sound, but will crash early due to python's recursion limits (you can set them further to get longer results)

Python, 84 bytes

from random import*
x,s=input(),''
while x not in s:s+=chr(randint(32,126))
print(s)

Try it online!

This one is ought to work for relatively longer strings, since it doesn't rely on recursion, at the cost of 5 bytes.

Ohm v2, 10 bytes

Ý£D³ε‽α@§↔

Try it online!

Explanation:

Ý£D³ε‽α@§↔  Main wire, arguments: a (string)

Ý           Push empty string to top of stack
 £          Start infinite loop
  D³ε‽        If a is a substring of the ToS, break out of the loop
      α@§     If not, select a random printable ASCII character...
         ↔    ...and concatenate it with the ToS

GNU sed + coreutils, 75 + 1(r flag) = 76 bytes

h
:
s:.*:shuf -i32-126|dc -e?P:e
H;g
s:\n::2g
/^(.+)\n(.*)\1/{s::\2\1:;q}
b

Try it online! (It takes a lot of runs to get an answer for a length 2 input, because most of the time you run out of allowed TIO computation time.)

Explanation:

h                                # copy input string 'A' to hold space
:                                # start loop
    s:.*:shuf -i32-126|dc -e?P:e # run shell script: shuf outputs a rnd permutation
                                 #of the set of numbers from 32 to 126, and '?P' in
                                 #dc converts the 1st read decimal to an ASCII char
    H;g                          # append char to hold space ('A\n.'), then copy
                                 #result back to pattern space
    s:\n::2g                     # remove all '\n's from pattern space, but first
    /^(.+)\n(.*)\1/{             # if pattern is 'A\n.*A' (A substring of B), then
        s::\2\1:;q               # search previous regex used and leave only '.*A',
                                 #then quit (implicit printing before exit)
    }
b                                # repeat loop

Benchmark: approximate, for scaling purposes only

• input length: 1, 10 random inputs (runs), average time: < 1 s
• input length: 2, 10 random inputs (runs), average time: 90 s
• input length: 3, 10 random inputs (runs), average time: lots of hours!

Funky, 64 bytes

s=>{S=""whileS::sub((#S)-#s)!=s S+=S.char(math.random(32,126))S}

This uses a few tricks I've been wanting to use in Funky, like a variable name after a keyword as in whileS, and using the fact that strings implicitly parent to the string library.

Ungolfed

function monkey(target){
    monkeyCode = ""
    while (monkeyCode::sub((#monkeyCode)-#target)!=target){
        monkeyCode += string.char(math.random(32,126))
    }
    monkeyCode
}

Try it online!

Haskell, 100 bytes

import System.Random
s#(a:b)|and$zipWith(==)s$a:b=s|1>0=a:s#b
m a=(a#).randomRs(' ','~')<$>newStdGen

Try it online!

Basic idea is to generate an infinite list of characters with randomRs and stop it once we find the string.

C# (.NET Core), 86 bytes

a=>{var b="";for(var r=new Random();!b.Contains(a);b+=(char)r.Next(32,127));return b;}

I don't really like how much creating the Random instance takes, but I don't think there's a way around it.

Try it online!

Perl 5, 31 +2 (-pa) bytes

}{$_.=chr 32+rand 95until/\Q@F/

Try it online

Japt, 26 bytes

@(PbU >-1}a@P+=(Mq95 +32 d

Try it online!

R, 79 76 75 bytes

-3 bytes thanks to MickyT for changing the random sampler

-1 byte thanks to Robin Ryder for tweaking the random sampler again

function(S){G=""
while(!grepl(S,G))G=paste0(G,intToUtf8(32+95*runif(1)))
G}

Try it online!

Charcoal, 15 14 12 bytes

Ｗ¬№ωθ≔⁺ω‽γωω

Try it online! Link is to verbose version of code. Edit: Saved 2 bytes due to a subsequent bug fix in Charcoal. Explanation:

    θ           Input string
   ω            Predefined variable `w`
  №             Count number of occurrences
 ¬              Logical not
Ｗ               Loop while true
       ω        Predefined variable `w`
      ⁺         Concatenated with
         γ      Predefined printable characters
        ‽       Random element
     ≔    ω     Assign to predefined variable `w`
           ω    Predefined variable `w`
                Implicitly print

Ruby, 42 bytes

->w,s=""{s+=[*" "..?~].sample;s[w]?s:redo}

Try it online!

Pyth - 14 bytes

.W!}zH+ZOrd\k

Try it online here.

Mathematica, 65 bytes

""//.x_/;x~StringFreeQ~#:>x<>RandomChoice@CharacterRange[32,126]&

Try it online!

-3 bytes from Jonathan Frech

Lua, 99 102 bytes

• Saved a bug thanks to ATaco, which added three bytes.

function f(B)s=string S=""while not(s.find(S,B,1,1))do S=S..s.char(math.random(32,126))end print(S)end

Try it online!

MATL, 17 16 bytes

''`6Y2TZrhtGXfn~

Try it online!

-1 byte thanks to Giuseppe

Octave, 62 bytes

t=input(o="");while(~nnz(regexp(o,t)))o=[o,randi(95)+31];end;o

Try it online!

Explanation:

t=input(o="");               % get stdin and define output
while(~nnz(regexp(o,t)))     % while no matches
    o=[o,randi(95)+31];      % concatenate string with ascii char
end;                            
o                            % output result

Many thanks to Luis Mendo for the edits!

Japt, 16 14 11 bytes

;_øU}a@P±Eö

Try it

Alice, 21 bytes

/U!?"$~dr@
\idwz K"o/

Try it online!

Explanation

/...@
\.../

This is framework for mostly linear programs that operate entirely in Ordinal (string-processing) mode. The IP bounces diagonally up and down through the program twice, which means that the actual code is a bit weirdly interleaved. The commands in the order they're actually executed are:

i!w" ~"rUd?z$Kdo

Let's go through this:

i       Read all input.
!       Store the input on the tape for later.
w       Push the current IP address onto the return address stack.
        This marks the beginning of the main loop.

  " ~"    Push this string.
  r       Range expansion. Turns the string into " !...}~", i.e. a string
          with all printable ASCII characters.
  U       Random choice. Picks a uniformly random character from this
          string. This will remain on the stack throughout the rest of
          the program and will form part of the resulting string.
  d       Join stack. This takes all strings on the stack and joins them
          into a single string and pushes that (it does this without actually
          removing any elements from the stack).
  ?       Retrieve the input from the tape.
  z       Drop. If the joined string contains the input, everything up to
          and including the input will be discarded. Otherwise, nothing
          happens to the joined string. This means that the result will be
          an empty string iff the joined string ends with the input.
$K      If the top of the stack is not empty, jump back to the w to continue
        with another iteration of the main loop.
d       Join the stack into a single string once more.
o       Print it.

Perl 6, 39 bytes

{("",*~(" ".."~").pick...*~~/$_/)[*-1]}

Try it online!

(...)[*-1] returns the last element of the sequence defined by ..., of which:

• "" is the first element;

• * ~ (" " .. "~").pick generates the next element by appending a random character in the appropriate range to the previous element; and

• * ~~ /$_/ is the ending condition, which is that the current element matches the main function's input argument $_ as a literal substring.

Java 8, 81 79 78 bytes

a->{String b="";for(;!b.contains(a);b+=(char)(32+Math.random()*95));return b;}

-1 byte thanks to @OlivierGrégoire for pointing me to a (big >.<) mistake I've made..

Explanation:

Try it here.

a->{                    // Method with String as both parameter and return-type
  String b="";          //  Result-String, starting empty
  for(;!b.contains(a);  //  Loop as long as the result does not contain the input
    b+=(char)(32+Math.random()*95)
                        //   Append a random character to `b`
  );                    //  End of loop
  return b;             //  Return the result-String
}                       // End of method

05AB1E, 10 9 bytes (-1 @ Emigna)

[žQΩJD¹å#

Try it online!

Do the monkey with me.

[              | Loop forever.
 žQ            | Push 0x20-0x7E as a single string.
   .R          | Pick from it randomly.
     J         | Join stack (B) with new char.
      D        | Duplicate (B).
       ¹å      | Push input (A) and check if input (A) is in (B).
         #     | If the previous statement is true, break loop.

QBIC, 33 bytes

≈instr(Z,;)<1|Z=Z+chr$(_r32,126|)

Explanation

≈instr( , )<1|   WHILE InStr() can't find
         ;        the input (cmd line string argument) as part of
       Z          the output (Z$, which is printed automatically on exit)
Z=Z+             add to the output
chr$(         )  an ASCII character
     _r32,126|   with a random codepoint between 32 and 126 (incl)

Sample run:

Command line: hi

`;7L3f$qy )H99tZ@>(-Z1efL|Q-5'BE=P8BdX?Lem/fp|G#~WY[ Q4s9r~Af*T})P4`4d$#ud3AiuTwQPFS@8c7_59C$ GlJ%iJ[FA(rNt<y>Hl=r,wSbBB%q!8&#*CixWbnwE."wrZ:R53iKJkN*@hpQt aMj6Mw<KfT@hkik>_k'_>$~3)jl|J!S`n\Yw|lXi:WAKWp?K"F.cAGI/:~uR8*[;Die{]B*]@;Vhjv,$9]Ys:AIdy!j{aXlr:0=txCP-n{/3lgq,;jXaP\]u}.Zl/7eKF+N54[J9^r:>%/.e~*9aK%de>^TW%p%(_uJPvuV%d<&]zu`t;vkEPC>7pofok0Kj}j?9G{TUxSccth)[)J>@'E)NMzA(i!UV7%;$.Z#j3q@#9Q%}<" &VsbL*<SrG-$NC MAQ\`iIT+.P|5}nv )FZl5_.Kc*AUV9u&fvk.USt3Y!s7^UEL{|D$k#k8.9Fgqn#3dgr(0G.gw1#j$HfU3a|)3-O(d<)<A|`%pJ^/\{[w[H4N/>8J@z/YNsU,zY4o*X+h\Dy!~)Xr8.3"%.39v0d5_-8QBYR".Z]MZ}N>9e?f@hj#hor1IhJ[krrHOamRPxQC>^'dOh,cF_e2;8R@K**Jsx_~t9r~4J$Y;kPsb)8w~:o-`@MwP]OA{8yD%gL(=&M>$nTKw] R[}rS|~}&*gD 'g|gRSDLld+`,,}(1=]ao3Z%2*?wlqU$7=$8q$Fig:7n&+XKQ LV/Aq?BYl_*Ak-PqI$U_>`/`-yD5.3|Zg>,mC"RC`IV^szu:I;0ntn(l'/ZnK}T&i)9!zkd?7Ec/X+IN=-5wwsSV@^<?:K=9m%*@C;zDjc%:d>/E@f7@0NVt4Vz/E;8*0A25F1:JUQ/G#2)un9hQI>2^}&+cY+JP*-#$p+cFs}R|>E;w#q>pN"Jkv<>E_ZtCvV05Lh;0 9bCBXgA7aIe+9B1<G)YCH\Yqn.0%g$_4Q4 xIR)gt]W*a|gGX}hP4b)6#M:Dh!kmuX;nW]'n]Mm5y=ET|O9p\,j>Bc|7J5I%UCZla-2g(Mm9cE"}c1Q0@yTF|A\FJbR7_(F_G#@mE/~ [9T~|Ty9~0=g {a^IM{]C9%2FBJ:b&i5A{rqu/xw6q|_[$Sj&W\TnI}/>.EJ1dSbSOtr_Qtuf!IF .WU}&M51+VAnJ)W}^c5qwQ<G05}/aZ99l6iqyD|Zr8SV9L}8FbUz7_H<]A|.vFQXSu2@67%83HP4]Gw0PuPNQ6SOM_[BcdK-s}Z(~~i:^N$GZn_sMcp*i,w-2VfK*LA$Btmg6QEohqym3[RRqUAM"9pE>N)(.TNMQ"U~ e2($wz(Kdh;0ol8>SXHEnLvrs.Xtl^L?SL1$*ssD _={{}(`qKCy{]W:AZT}Zro5qN:;mNp#EPfg?_],,cFP?EhGs/OAt}fgVSR<JW^HkWf'@^Vd9\_Y?P*>C'YP jqvXu)ZFwzY)/MLHcRL/P?jBi9"d\  E$ngpq-i*;EW6R)J|[0FfZSTozuSq,sAJT<<4al<zM\F(|gTD0/Vt6JL.p_x_oC)V'zWZ`8eA9@*WgZ>',-}Q^5#e552&"\i1HI]{)]WcI.cY0n9J<jaT.!l{r4Dz~nt`AEP-6,FHhf6(PSywIedr }=9V>Q7!+~L^O3'Crdv"hfv#xrs@](EO;&#)0]oC][z*Eh`k!$V!r6~#-Vfk1p#w&Za6Ij\@V<TNf4njdynOch7l?XwU  `SON\iizU3%S^X2XKY.w%:zAVY^KlIhZ8]d39No3P89v`1FxKTLQa+7"rd9bm2)a^Pu=~.9VDh?v"%$9evl9+l7n$I?qA[b:kH2?5Tg&(!H(*}hZ3z@bg+Zj!# JnO2FV_glCMweT;b|>g4!h{4@ p w`lH \Y8(uPf7nbJY]r>('-$O?5Xd:h&:y!i%2dRC_8=3! |b="H|jxx)k!\D|]Lsdz1.v[a<l/Y3?0/&H%2.qvPp'ZNpO;rhvtnl0*Bs4Qlh0}_dv6g0`pJh'==]9LuzG+qUGz5.j[$I{4.b_o;S`QFucC9>`z7M.wHx!wy-JeOf)^9#Z.xl7e"9q)OE-SSD"VbLFm-u'-<4~(_h\KqNk7}vKh0E&!LaxAma|FOIY,\C$;!v^#4,eqwpE]Jqp,]IkTz,,L`kx|\i^#{PV0/8K?N,W!L=vbh\OJ7?:k=~{zLw8*/W<-qFDKAhx1F;\NL@{=rlo0''YB;B5<:0e5J)w"0l@FE?J:FW(I|)3BZ'hL7[}Ez=jc(rLkY9d{Zzgq7Cj)bej/X!@TP7x.r"Arz7IU;1|.3by~\h{V57}A^w7v5gMC]@B~1i5*uY 7?(IN6hQ/b/4bMpDmT_"n|;bBx|74(ReQ.^])bHC+:!s bk_S]R}<Ow:7CCu_P!$:mz{[aiGg*AD#}m~D_rhVr6!x]PY5n'qiMMlpqoU>C`,W}y9Yi4hHf<lcwvga`h(<=jURq\d+2SRGA1GP**D]i+Tp@*hpe([-JE^M@5jHgK~>hY>Bo&% \e/\&]"K])CV%oNJ}[_Q1}w(p3uJ+\/;{0TB8#{=&l8s;]L7Gr;a_[cN:#%$)?*:HLZ;&n|2_8/@=B [>|R3@xk<c+bIyb>h`]:c]RLt(M!69PNE?}>@CHT>jNevl81PCgHu0ap0~Pcq?Z@>+yTFw\E=10&fpS+=/l|.ioPn$B.M\4{2?q-^,)f&S4X44(Rycome[Ot[t(8CAphj[h}E/A~BR[6Y&Hm1_tsxs4BB0cwo\",r_c~s/vT}kKu3U(Emb|%"`OAmV7$,\<O7)c&F==mc~dM:qX^[K-9<3u8hfgTUP19aXk,7g(4>jLt,*N!EXGE#XzN}>7@EH4n}k!&a[j,Ynd#!M<suhnBP /J9}h>vRyXuADk"+v}?hOm6*U^x\G'!Y(TDC?EE|r}5yx4PB 1;9q.%/kg7p2ImS62+/|K,xSDf3b6JRY+8~mxikSU^&3A3|/j9}fIESN45kdi*h64!XE'_0?Pw{MeK$DeXP]5M{7sLD!dj5HrAc\N I`~o/%MqyIIsFee]A?j7ZZ}f'dN#"V''g-G0@zNajp=v<"r2s;>@.UM9L\Mq16e/961d.3a6h.hMrUREa^wR^s*\Tc6Yn]DT.Nc77p|h s2@hC\Rxy|XhXi.OL2$\pwPSJET;u7V`U!<]M(tibt>.gD'JKe{7r8?Z[]ExGHxyd\,/wjfBI'NKCpaU19-?f;;QVrWnFF,zvJY|d\DrcysAO'; 33CSNy_GlLr\v)Ir\qQfwT'I#t:N-{,x#zGR.)gJqq%!zF.oJ;]*TI+4z>JQAGQM3w&zgani8JwZW6S!r-ig\3jD}]2*.Aen8O)L?X.UTZ6)mOtUIm_=3fA'_::vV_#+c+=evf#{8lk+`)M\_c+I<|*LRZOU]:eQ*/KER#f,vEC?4yXE*8wlzk?b)&[gF'(0|$@+4CT4#lfEKxP~;oo%1+=yw#J*s}D7p1fU~^gD1Ib{H|PWer^q"q=?Pxf<)tvu7{HDvl\kqb"b/|s>|h.qQu[$F/:~*dy9cl16}dKXY~N7aptCSv+da/S5-,qnwBhRi+lh8=Qy{er:#Oos|e?(US>"767KVe^nz<$]gM)~J>{I7n~!k[U\1{8Z8u6T(ft?kgdQO,LvY/TDAe\wS~Y U>\.aQYhQ;h1nuW$R/wpz_EiB-%gf87qgQei(P-ft:TSW,HtsPez"5<8?yR`wm7pjMn^|8Y.4[RVWq#aW$0EB9"O:%@q[&F[_'2yt2k]S5~HCN1+^bS>N2C/7ChHCHNrJ8,kBbNsu}37LH^n.B+tyE*s7l(Tc<;4.tvBw3LP=nK4G'6M(z086;"??9XE.(X>nvmm()P2m\"LeqbcOC~Vw;u/Q^T)52/pM3+<GkFWJ?30{/n2FQq QjO#pt8oN$kK/a+|Hbw@5m8M[EFWq>%cV2[X@q}gJ"9kt9'~]4p+2~LT9|4Ss^qoXw%P#M!!]TBQbp;PYg{WCj,RF<#bNJTS,CUH{][hY"q;[?#apc%Cl&QWVi]ffYG}bzx .;*/rqRhb[XatPu.Piws<mo=]!e>p%yu\;fCzJ0Xz]6]9S:WRlYS,mC&7Zjb)+DjJUkSF3TJG;8fQ4|>t%qgW1$_V:p;|Q":Z!UngSL{*Ky+/zh [I{_3?]h^x37"`^'/U>EPqal'&Txf,I>gr2HO_y!QM-ch~%m-(AE6U~[A"D@j1hu?6p2"Wc'3nyqfs!.UQy}I%0(z5dPmORFBK1,<PfYersnLe<fLhB=^g pwXnWDOQNuIPEpnm8.Q6jN|a7tcuSH$9T;! d~VQn{'(-4{caLa;t?~|>q:on:Bgs'FQ'2-<%W<3Px=4Uf;@;R3yZECK?f(5K?`^lQY\ok},`Q9*Q}3].Y!BkRt"3@]Lz&ec'NB?n[%0kQ9/55BOZ)o!P>fpXZI:#?Ly#\o.`+HX Kb0@P^1qS%bGip1`)qH@-k\oOGs%;}_Nq{uPq |!K)01w(?X=>bSR[(]ZQ<Z1]bD9M.F<<.8EB6JlEUOk6r;SrVZNT2 m>zp3]a_sK eq8]rK^.U&!d62HBt`v?t6uc#3s<{[CmYE24+ujEx`$##R2g\b!PvK<8+lUhyT|p"SUco/aUh.fXBV(!!)8PfQIr6R,r8c-F-mjua;:z4!Q1pA!H0E%)"K2oUv|DV+lg,h8W?<JnIkiV/us::*l&I<OI6NO)Tnq0-uDRG5*LX#wU{8WpMlw3Z'7zGi*loo2{=hWSY*0/o9BwtJ$Hw}l94nA^9>48(3gDnt8CS|R3? OH[N/9j1r%vUcox\68{yFemlmmtp*q5kfrlIo`3yQB??6jW:TW+)':K#]^=ilF_/N!)=}y@k.y//nhChX!3b`=t,1_KhR,n]/_.-P>B80W#'E%J[g?ti)*;Yl]}r0>qh/X[{=)Gr '[+pz|DI=mA8zj~yAT*^7w%tV0l=V^/#2W>)f)X%f^L&+Un}VlQt3.%gEKbE!7`adTb#`}i!F$-Gug]@*G,hKe;/p,`Mb@wBJ4<V&jJd&_H4VR{Hc"{2<l<QapiLw(JK-2-[1_.WR.@CG$?\1<&( QX5c9 :z^jDW09(=iH V/vkcJ8D<uLAr$dbc$Hl'2KTUlbrd8kD{B0Eeu<&oL2s.S4@Jo$zVq~BqeLsb;k-NG/'iU|)W_:X-.XUc<v\elx57ZZ"R!y_yzve*Wlt>.fE,#Eh:(#gn1kSQ+/3NYjD']I;"+@pnW[1EA.AyqM4,0,dJt.?r2oab.j\k@)BsZ|s39FdL87xyuJ0nXX=yz^~W,}acDZp8ukCpv^<^{CkRS<=GsS$}#fbP5%A$GHdg)+WZLLN9[ue073Q!F"J;X^49*$R'W%C.r~Fj&B`)tq[01a4En%H,kvyZG|,)%$44rJg[tq<wG9FjN<m@larki#;Bns%D}v_efPRH(OeRq0{=>Uc[~xcTcV_9|k54Q2*N.3]LlmFasY3"p =$$onbg$M+ReRsnH|9gV~#2?c1-V$35."DZH-O$~,c.gs]%,]p4\OFIW%l:,E,YT8FCeU8hy#lNq1lCpS 0I&q_*q>|=,(-dHuzi~6$GW22*A\w*&R< W`$HPRr,2A}3w\"Y?d%{2^xP:GqI\26A|.e'H2Z[M4=P.H87O~{)9|B*tHAC\j^S,StW!*snsz82R!:eD@uB4x+x&zSIN(3V|.^N_$=i=p}iK4h'v"$:I<t e:Y/XrSOF83=lkVNa0^k@jB@{ARE@r=Bja`(Bw>@?+`Wo,= u5HhXPeRMXS4@H#$-Jwg2"2-]%7p.o2Ar9J6Y1Ra?"3<oee&bpO^O{nw9=%\0brVNXrelWGoJyb/5W%MB0UBaPsc*29K<N~``NriWM$"eY0@xh^<$b:E/J~S%{#ry~6d?4Vv@^&9'=iBA#2U]bj9>UoJ#wQDN~6cB&/_Pu-XF?_hu3><(M7RW\%Ly@rTC9^b`?kVL~w%[{!&{#aS7<mc@J>ZaN7s}Y.c0:Y.\d&_[L{m|>|>%J^@!i9y0_lwejChi

PHP, 55+1 bytes

while(!strpos(_.$argn,_.$s.=chr(rand(32,126))));echo$s;

Run as pipe with -nR. Not suitable for TIO cause of probable timeout.

Insert a space between the quotation marks for PHP older than 7.1.

This 51+1 bytes version will fail if input is 0:

while(!strstr($argn,$s.=chr(rand(32,126))));echo$s;

Javascript 74 bytes

s=(a,b='')=>~b.search(a)?b:s(a,b+String.fromCharCode(32+Math.random()*95))

call like this:

s('hi')

Julia 0.6, 53 bytes

a->(s="";while !contains(s,a) s*=randstring(1) end;s)

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Pushy, 20 18 bytes

LFZ^tCN[,` ~`U'x?i

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The program keeps a stack len(input) characters long, and constantly removes the first and appends a new random char, until the initial input string is reached. Each character is printed as it is added, creating the desired effect.

Explanation:

                      \ == SETUP ==
 F                    \ Put input on second stack
L Z^tC                \ On the main stack, make length(input) copies of 0
      N               \ Remove printing delimiter (newline by default)

                      \ == MAIN LOOP ==

       [              \ Infinitely:
        ,             \    Pop the first item on stack
         ` ~`U        \    Add a new random character (between 32 and 126)
              '       \    Print this new character
               x?     \    If the stacks are now equal:
                 i    \        Exit program

Brachylog, 17 bytes

I⁰∧Ẹ{sI⁰&|;Ṭṛᵗc↰}

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I⁰                   The global variable I⁰
                     is the input,
  ∧                  and
   Ẹ                 starting with the empty string
    {          ↰}    call this sub-predicate again
            ṛ        with a random
           Ṭ         printable ASCII character
          ;  ᵗc      appended to the string we're building
         |           unless
      I⁰             I⁰ (which is the input)
     s               is a substring of the string we've been building
        &            in which case the string is output.

Can randomly stack overflow. This makes use of two recently added features in Brachylog: global variables, and the apply-to-tail metapredicate ᵗ.

Pyth, 13 bytes

W!}z=akpOrd\

where the unprintable character is 0x7F.

Test

Bash 94 bytes

p=printf\ -v;until [[ $s = *"$1" ]];do $p x %x $[32+RANDOM%95];$p c \\x$x;s+=$c;done;echo "$s"

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